The University of Southampton

COMP2214 Advanced Software Modelling and Design

Module Overview

This modules aims:

To encourage proficient use of structured requirements analysis methods
To encourage proficient use of structured design methods and design patterns
To increase understanding of the relationship between formal modelling and software engineering
To encourage proficient use of refinement and verification in Event-B
To increase awareness of the relationship between formal modelling and correct software implementations
To raise awareness of a range of formal approaches to software verification

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

A1. Structured requirements analysis methods

A2. Structured design methods and design patterns

A3. The role of formal methods and their relevance to software engineering

A4. The role of model refinement in Event-B

A5. The role of verification in formal development

A6. The relationship between specifications and implementations

Intellectual Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

B1. Derive software requirements in a systematic way

B2. Applying structured design methods to software development

B3. Construct a formal specification from a set of English language requirements

B4. Apply refinement to Event-B models

B5. Apply verification techniques to Event-B models

Subject Specific Skills

C1. Document and typeset a specification using a standard word processor

C2. Use a UML drawing tool

C3. Analyse an Event-B specification using Rodin

Syllabus

Goal-structured requirements analysis;
Design goals;
System/service decomposition;
Component models;
Formal methods in industry;
Modelling in Event-B;
Proof in Event-B;
Model checking in Event-B;
Model structuring and refinement;
Model decomposition;
Reasoning about programs;
Preconditions, postconditions, loop invariants, loop variants

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture
Tutorial

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Coursework	-	25%
Exam	2 hours	75%

Referral Method: By examination

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COMP2205 Commercial Aspects of IT

Module Overview

This course aims to introduce students to the fundamental commercial issues inherent in IT projects and their contexts, with focus upon smaller rather than larger operations. The target audience will be taken to be an early-career IT team leader, manager, or entrepreneur.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Specify appropriate company structures for different kinds and sizes of IT business
Identify financial options and their consequences for starting-up, acquiring, and selling IT businesses.
Suggest incentives and reward structures for team members and IT business
Construct, track, and restructure project budgets
Identify pros and cons of various management and leadership styles for IT project teams.

Transferable and Generic

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

to develop written communication skills appropriate to Commercial aspects of IT.

Syllabus

Topic

The viable systems model; general systems theory; stakeholders; external (uncontrollable) factors.

Introduction to the structure and functions of an IT business; value-added reseller, retailer, services / software house, facilities management, consultancy. Special case of a research group.

The cost and reward structure of an IT business; shareholders & classes of shareholder; contribution / value added, operating profit, profit before tax, declared profit; dividends.

Buying, starting-up, and selling IT businesses; loans, venture capital; exit planning; financing, leverage; capitalisation of intellectual property; valuing the business; board control, the special case of the 40:40:20 triangle.

Selling shares in the business, flotation, unlisted securities market (USM).

The cost structure of an IT project: Distinguishing between pay and cost; direct overheads and allocated overheads; costs of being in business and of staying in business; buy or lease; out-source or in-house.

Project budgeting; estimating, providing quotations, offers, and estimates; contracts and bidding: time & materials, firm fixed price, cost plus; penalty clauses; negotiating, re-negotiating, and walking away.

Managing project budgets; effects of schedule slippage and budget over-run; staying in business; cash flows, discounted cash flow, NPV, IRR, break-even.

IPR; licences and licensing; confidentiality, non-disclosure.

Risk management and risk analysis; probability, severity, exposure, amelioration, insurance; bankruptcy.

Cost-benefit analysis; customer value, stakeholder value, shareholder value; link to cash flow; cost savings, productivity, quality enhancement (faster, quicker, better);

Managing knowledge workers; management, leadership, and entrepreneurship; incentives; selected theories of management & leadership.

Working in the IT industry: retainer, freelance / self-employed, contracted, consultant, employee; legal and commercial issues including tax, IPR, confidentiality; career planning; changing jobs, changing employers, changing roles.

Power, influence, politics, culture; what matters; who and what you want to be; positioning for success

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Lecture - 36 hours per semester
Tutorial - 12 hours per semester

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Assignment 1 requires you to submit a project proposal in response to a hypothetical call for tender, working with a colleague.	-	40%
Assignment 2 requires you to submit an IT “start-up” business plan, working with a colleague.	-	30%
In-class test: assessment is a supervised unseen restricted time open-book open-Internet individual in-class exercise, undertaken in class time in week 12, comprising 20 multiple-choice questions.	-	30%

Referral Method: By set coursework assignment(s)

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COMP1216 Software Modelling and Design

Module Overview

This module aims to introduce students to the software engineering process, its tools, skills, and techniques, particularly modelling, validation, design and its mapping to code. The focus will be on a principled, object-oriented process from requirements modelling and analysis through code, with rolling case study and coursework examples developing the knowledge and skills.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

A1. The software development process

A2. Requirements elicitation and structuring

A3. Requirements modelling in UML and set-theoretic notations, and their validation

A4. The use of UML design notations

A5. The relationship between models and implementations

A6. Concepts of software architecture, design patterns and their applicability

A7. Characteristics of appropriate APIs, Tools, IDEs

Intellectual Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

B1. Specify, analyse and organise requirements for a software product

B2. Model, analyse and validate such software requirements using UML and set-theoretic notations

B3. Apply appropriate UML design patterns and notations to the design of components of a product

B4. Select and use appropriate APIs, Tools, IDEs in mapping these designs to code

Subject Specific Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

C1. Apply an appropriate software engineering process and tools to the task of structuring, modelling and validating requirements for a software product

C2. Apply appropriate software engineering techniques and tools to the task of designing, testing and implementing code from a suitable requirements model

Syllabus

From problems (requirements) to solutions (programs): process
Software process models, e.g. waterfall, agile
Requirements elicitation, modelling, analysis and validation

Structuring narrative requirements
Structure: class diagrams, state: state machines
Modelling, analysis and validation with UML and Event-B
Use of tools for analysis and validation of models
Modelling and analysis case studies

UML design notations: use cases, scenarios: sequence diagrams
Design patterns, generics
Architecture
From design to code
APIs, Tools, IDEs (e.g. version control, testing)

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture		36
Tutorial		12

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Exam	-	70%
Small group requirements modelling/ analysis coursework	-	15%
Small group design-to-code coursework	-	15%

Referral Method: By examination

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ELEC6050 Group Project A

Module Overview

These can be summarised briefly as:

to provide an introduction to intensive group project work in collaboration with industrial or academic customers
to attain the goal of the project
to divide task into parts to be pursued concurrently by members of a team
to maintain cohesion as a team while attaining the goal
to exercise self and mutual management skills, particularly the management of time
to pursue the project goal notwithstanding economic/time constraints
to encourage effective use of resources including library material
to gain experience of writing reports and, in particular, writing group reports
to gain experience of seminar preparation, public speaking and oral presentation
to encourage innovation and promotion of innovative ideas to group partners
to reflect on and appraise the effectiveness of the chosen approach

Aims & Objectives

Aims

concepts from a range of areas including some outside engineering, and the ability to apply them effectively in engineering projects,
design processes and methodologies, specialist tools and techniques used to design, analyse, implement and verify systems in your area of engineering.

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture		36
Tutorial		12

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Group Technical Contribution	-	50%
Group Presentations and Report	-	25%
Individual Contributions (Reflection -5%, Technical and presentation-20%)	-	25%

Referral Method: By set coursework assignment(s)

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ELEC6219 Wireless and Mobile Networks

Module Overview

The aim of the module is to introduce students to the theory, architecture, protocols and techniques in wireless and mobile networks.

It is taught to the MSc in Wireless Communications and as an option for Part IV MEng in Electronics.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

be familiar with the architecture and protocols of typical communications networks
possess knowledge of flow control, congestion control, error control, etc, in wireless networks
be aware of some routing algorithms, delay modelling, multiple-access principles, basic queueing theory, etc
possess knowledge of cellular wireless communications systems
be aware of the techniques and basic principles of wireless LANs, wireless ad-hoc networks, wireless sensor networks, etc.
possess knowledge of communication security and be aware of some communication security techniques

Syllabus

Introduction to data networks: layered architectures, TCP/IP protocol architecture, OSI model, main functions of different layers, relationship between layers, etc.;
Structure of wireless and mobile networks, including cellular networks, wireless local area networks, ad-hoc networks, and wireless sensor networks;
Wireless multiple-access techniques, including randomised medium access (ALOHA and CSMA), FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA;
Wireless routing: routing optimisation and routing protocols.
Queueing theory, delay modelling, etc.;
Error-control with the emphasis on the various Automatic Repeat-reQuest (ARQ) protocols;
Cellular wireless networks: architecture, frequency reuse, multiplexing, multiple-access, broadcast, power-control, handover, interference, examples of TDMA-, CDMA- and LTE-based cellular networks, etc.;
Wireless resource-allocation;
Wireless LANs: techniques, IEEE 802.11/IEEE 802.16 physical layer, MAC sublayer protocol and frame structure, etc.
Network security: Overview of information-theoretic security, cryptography and physical-layer security, symmetric-key algorithms, public-key algorithms, digital signatures, authentication protocols, physical-layer security techniques.

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture		36
Tutorial		12

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Exam	2 hours	100%

Referral Method: By examination

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COMP6233 Topics in Computer Science

Module Overview

Computer science is now a mature discipline, with a well defined curriculum, for example from the ACM/IEEE joint task force, or the UK's Quality Assurance Agency. Any student of computer science should be familiar with a range of topics such as computability, algorithms, computational complexity, computer design, programming language design, programming methodology, data structures, information retrieval, parallel and distributed computing, computer networks, cyber security and artificial intelligence. In addition, computing students should be aware of the effects their field has had, and will continue to have, on individuals, organisations, and society. This module gives an opportunity to review the breadth of computer science, to focus on some key ideas, and to reflect on its wider impact.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Identify the main fields of computer science and explain the important concepts in these fields
Read critically key articles which have had significant impact on the discipline

Transferable and Generic

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Discuss and debate key topics and questions of interest within the discipline and to society in general
Motivate outsiders to learn more about computer science

Subject Specific Practical

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Produce computational artefacts such as web apps or animations which demonstrate key concepts

Syllabus

Algorithms and Computational Complexity
Models of computation, computability and decidabilty
Design of computers and operating systems
Information storage and retrieval from databases to hypertext
Parallel and distributed computing
Computer Networks and security
Programming languages and metholodies
Artificial Intelligence: techniques and challenges

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Students will given a list of key computer science articles to read through the semester. There will be 2 or 3 contact sessions per week. These will give students opportunities to discuss the material, to clarify any details they are unsure of, and consider the impact of the ideas presented both on the field of computer science and also how their applications have impacted individuals, organisations, and society.

During the course, students will be tested on their understanding of the directed reading. Written feedback will be given on these short answer and multiple choice tests in the following week's classes, together with model answers. In addition, a series of seminars or debates will be organised on a topic based on the directed reading, for example: which language is best for teaching students to program. Students will be assessed on their participation and contributions to these sessions. Generic verbal feedback will be given at the end of the discussion, and written feedback at the end of the whole series. Finally, students will in pairs develop and demonstrate an application, web app, or animation to explain and illustrate a key concept in computer science to an interested teenager. Verbal feedback on this artefact will be given immediately after the demonstration.

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture	Lectures will review directed reading and explain key topics	24
Seminar	Seminars will allow students to discuss their reading and debate related questions	6

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
In-class tests	-	30%
Discussions and Debates	-	30%
Computer artefact (web app or animation)	-	40%

Referral Method: By set coursework assignment(s)

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COMP6237 Data Mining

Module Overview

To introduce key concepts in data mining, information extraction and information indexing; including specific algorithms and techniques for feature extraction, clustering, outlier detection, topic modelling and prediction of complex unstructured data sets.
To give a broad view of the general issues surrounding unstructured and semi-structured data and the application of algorithms to such data.
To demonstrate a toolbox of techniques that can be immediately applied to data-mining problems involving real-world data, or used as a basis for future research into the topic.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Aim

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

appreciate the role of data-mining in solving real-world problems

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

Key concepts, tools and approaches for data mining on complex unstructured data sets (including multimedia mining, Twitter analysis, etc)
Natural language processing techniques for extracting features from text
The theory behind modern data indexing systems
Techniques for modelling and extracting features from non-textual data
State-of-the-art data-mining techniques including topic modelling approaches such as LDA, clustering techniques and applications of matrix factorisations
Theoretical concepts and the motivations behind different data-mining approaches

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Conceptually understand the role of data-mining, together with the mathematical techniques this requires

Subject Specific Practical

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Solve real-word data-mining, data-indexing and information extraction tasks

Syllabus

Key concepts

The importance of data-mining
Real-world applications of data-mining (cyber-security, financial forecasting, trend prediction, etc)
What is unstructured data

Modalities of data

Underlying techniques

Inverted indexes
Matrix factorisation
Probabilistic graphical models
Dimensionality reduction

Modelling data

Understanding Text

Bags of Words
TF-IDF
Natural language processing

POS Tagging
Entity extraction

Dealing with non-textual data

Feature extraction techniques
Bags of features

Modern data indexing at scale

Information retrieval models
Efficient indexing (one-pass versus two-pass; updatable indexes)
Index compression
Ranking models

Unimodal data mining

Dimensionality reduction
Topic modelling (techniques such as LSA, pLSA, LDA, NNMF)
Clustering (Hierarchical agglomerative, Spectral)
Multi-dimensional scaling
Mining graphs and networks (hubs and authorities [PageRank/HITS], spectral methods, etc)

Multimodal data mining

Finding independent features (ICA, NNMF)
Finding correlations and making predictions (CL-LSI, classifiers, etc.)
Collaborative filtering and recommender systems

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture	Lectures and demonstrations of material	24
Tutorial	Students develop and present implementations of basic material	12
Tutorial	Optional tutorials for students who find the mathematical parts difficult and seek extra support.	4

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Group coursework (~4 per team) to apply data-mining techniques to provided real-world multi-modal data sets and build predictive models or anomaly detectors.	-	30%
Application of data-mining techniques to real-world corpus	-	20%
Exam	2 hours	50%

Referral Method: By examination

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COMP1217 Foundations of IT

Module Overview

The module is about equipping students with the tools and techniques required to describe system or algorithm formally. This will allow the students to apply these techniques and skills in future modules.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

Define the language of set theory and common operations on sets
Describe the interplay of syntax and semantics in mathematics, logic and computer science

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Describe functions and relations as fundamental structures in computer science.
Describe the logical systems and the concept of formal proof.
6. Recognise, understand and construct rigorous mathematical proofs.

Subject Specific Practical

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Use the language of logic and set theory in order to make precise formal statements.

Syllabus

Mathematical proof

Proof by case analysis, proof by contradiction.
Induction and recursion.
Universal properties.

Sets, functions and relations

Basic notation, representations and examples. Membership and subsets.
Operations on sets: union, sum, intersection and complement.
Pairs, tuples, cartesian products, powersets.
Relations, equivalence relations and partial orders.
Functions: injections, surjections, bijections.
Cardinality, infinite sets.

Logic

Propositional logic. Logical connectives.
Syntax and semantics.
Natural deduction, soundness and completeness.
Quantifiers and predicate logic.

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture	Lectures will be interactive and require participation of the students, this may be in the form of questions from the lecturer, quizzes, discussions	24
Tutorial	The student will be given opportunity to practice their skills by undertaking problem sheets, related to the lecture content.	12

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Tutorial	-	20%
	-	%
Exam	2 hours	80%

Referral Method: By examination

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ELEC2214 Circuits and Systems

Module Overview

The module aims to provide a detailed understanding of the representation and analysis of dynamic systems, and their solution. It goes on to apply this to simple circuit problems as well as to mechanical systems. Vibration problems in mechanical systems are further studied using frequency response and energy approximation methods, and modelling and analysis is then extended to continuous mechanical systems, including beams and shafts. Application to circuit theory is used to develop a good understanding of the fundamental theory of three phase circuits.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

A1. State-space method applied to circuit problems and mechanical systems.

A2. Power in AC circuits, and conservation of power.

A3. The causes and effects of vibration within various mechanical systems

A4. Methods of analysis, measurement and control of vibration

A5. Balanced and unbalanced three phase circuit theory.

Intellectual Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

B1. Analyse and solve simple electrical circuit and mechanical system problems.

B2. Calculate electrical power in single and three-phase circuits.

B3. Translate a physical problem in mechanical vibration to an appropriate dynamic model

B4. Make engineering judgement on the problem or reducing vibration when required

B5. Apply circuit theorems for the solution of unbalanced three-phase circuits.

Subject Specific Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

C1. Perform range of electrical measurements on three-phase circuits.

C2. Undertake measurements to estimate dynamic parameters of mechanical beams.

Employability/Transferable/Key Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

D1. Undertake laboratory experiment as part of a small team.

D2. Record and report laboratory work.

Syllabus

Mechanical Systems:

One Degree of Freedom Systems Application of Laplace transform and state space methods to mechanical systems. Analysis of dynamic response and role of Damping (Viscous and Coulomb) Base Excitation, Displacement Transmissibility Vibration Isolation.
Two Degree of Freedom Systems Modelling of two degree of freedom systems in state space form. Physical interpretation of solutions. Free Vibration and Normal Modes, Co-ordinate Coupling and Principal Co-ordinates, Forced Vibration, Damping, Impedance Matrix, Vibration Absorber. Decoupling using Modal Matrix.
Multi Degree of Freedom Systems Orthogonality, Modal Space Matrix Methods, Approximate Frequency Analysis, e.g. Rayleigh’s, Dunkerley’s Methods Lagrange’s Equations
Continuous Systems Vibration of Strings, Rods, Beams and derivation of equations of motion.
Application of Rayleigh’s method to approximate natural frequencies. Vibration and Instrumentation, Transmissibility.

Three-phase:

Unbalanced mesh and four-wire star circuits; unbalanced three-wire star circuits; solution by Millman's theorem, star-delta transform and graphical methods; symmetrical components and use in solving unbalanced systems; positive, negative and zero sequence networks; use of two-wattmeter method on balanced and unbalanced systems for kW and kVAr measurement.

State Space:

Application of circuit and mechanical analogies.
Need for state space method; definition of terms: state-variable, state-matrices, etc; consideration of the elements that store energy; formation of equations, in particular the formation of matrix equation in the form of X = A.X + B.E, nature of these terms.
Solution of state space equations by Laplace transform methods; solution of simple circuit network problems.
Solution of state equations in the time domain (linear-time invariant case): solution of the state differential equation (exponential of a matrix, its computation, forced- and free response in the state-space setting).

Laboratory Coursework:

3-phase Star and Mesh circuit relationships; Cantilever vibration experiment

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture		24
Tutorial		12
Specialist Lab		6

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Laboratory, frequency: 2	-	10%
	-	0%
Exam	2 hours	90%

Referral Method: By examination

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ELEC2213 Electrical Machines

Module Overview

• To introduce the students for fundamental concepts and principles of operation of various types of electrical machines.

• To equip the students with basic experimental and modelling skills for handling problems associated with electrical machines.

• To give the students an appreciation of design and operational problems in the electrical power industry.

• To introduce the students to modern CAD environment in relation to design of electromechanical devices.

• To increase the students’ confidence in using numerical techniques of solving large system of equations arising in modelling and simulation of electromechanical devices

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Aim

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Appreciate the complexity of design of electromechanical devices, identify different types of electrical machines and compare and contrast their operation
Derive equations describing operation of machines, formulate relevant equivalent circuits and analyse simple problems related to operation of electrical machines
Appreciate and apply methods of solving large systems of equations; evaluate the role of CAD in engineering design

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

Theory of electromechanical energy conversion, the concepts of fundamental torque equation and rotating and oscillating fields
The principles of operation of electrical generators and motors; fundamental characteristics of various types of machines
Construction and design issues associated with electrical machines
Components of the CAD systems for Electromagnetics

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Tackle problems of analysis of performance and explain the shape of characteristics of actual machines
Apply equivalent circuits to performance prediction, interpret results and correlate them with theoretical predictions

Transferable and Generic

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Use electromagnetic CAD packages and write a technical report

Subject Specific Practical

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

Work in a small team to conduct simple experiments on rotating electrical machines and transformers
Undertake virtual prototyping of electromagnetic devices

Syllabus

• Review of power circuits. (2 lectures)

Three-phase systems, star and delta connections.
Active, reactive, apparent, complex power. Power diagrams. Power factor.
Phasor diagrams. Complex impedance, impedance triangle.

• 3 phase transformers. (6 lectures)

Review of principles of operation; construction; review of equivalent circuit; open- circuit and short-circuit tests; regulation; three-phase connections; parallel operation; auto-transformer; introduction to 3rd harmonic phenomenon and unbalanced loading.

• Introduction to rotating machines. (3 hours)

Underlying concepts and features of rotating machines; fundamental torque equation; rotating field principle; air-gap mmf and permeance; 3-phase windings; winding factors.

• Synchronous machines. (4 lectures)

Generated emf; output equation; armature reaction; phasor diagram; synchronous reactance; equivalent circuit; open and short-circuit characteristics; regulation; load angle; synchronous machine on infinite busbars; effects of saturation; salient-pole machine; synchronising; synchronous motor; V curves; power factor correction.

• Polyphase induction motors. (5 lectures)

Basic theory and construction of squirrel-cage and wound-rotor motors; equivalent circuit; measurement of equivalent circuit parameters; analysis of machine equations; speed/torque curves; circle diagram; starting performance; speed control; single-phase induction motor; deep bar effect in squirrel-cage induction motor.

• Direct current machine. (4 lectures)

Review of construction; basic equations and steady-state characteristics; windings; field form and armature reaction; commutation and use of interpoles; starting and speed control.

• Single-phase ac motors. (2 lectures)

Outline of shaded-pole, universal, permanent magnet, and reluctance machines with applications.

• Introduction to hierarchical design and CAD. (1 lecture)

• Numerical solution of large systems of equations. (4 lectures)

The finite element method for virtual prototyping
Analysis of errors; matrix and vector norms; condition numbers.
Comparison of methods.

• The CAD environment (2 lectures)

Pre- and post-processing, automatic and adaptive meshing, Design Environment, optimisation, future trends.

• Case Studies: (3 lectures)

Wind turbines
Electrical and hybrid vehicles
Maglev and conventional trains

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Activity	Description	Hours
Lecture		36
Tutorial		12
Specialist Lab		9

Assessment

Assessment methods

Method	Hours	Percentage contribution
Coursework	-	20%
Laboratories	-	15%
Exam	2 hours	65%

Referral Method: By examination, with the original coursework mark being carried forward

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