The University of Southampton

COMP2208 Intelligent Systems

Module Overview

This module aims to give a broad introduction to the rapidly-developing field of artificial intelligence, and to cover the mathematical techniques used by this module and by other artificial intelligence modules in the computer science programme.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

A1.  The principal achievements and shortcomings of AI.

A2.  The difficulty of distinguishing AI from advanced computer science in general.

A3.  The main techniques that have been used in AI, and their range of applicability.

A4.  Likely future developments in AI.

A5.  Basic differential and integral calculus.

Intellectual Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

B1.  Assess the claims of AI practitioners as they relate to `intelligence'.

B2.  Assess the validity of approaches to model intelligent processing.

B3.  Assess the applicability of AI techniques in novel domains.

Subject Specific Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

C1.  Select appropriately from a range of techniques when implementing intelligent systems.

Syllabus

  • Introduction to AI
    • Flavours of AI: strong and weak, neat and scruffy, symbolic and sub-symbolic, knowledge-based and data-driven.
    • The computational metaphor. What is computation? Church-Turing thesis. The Turing test. Searle's Chinese room argument.
  • Calculus
    • Differentiation - standard rules; Newton's method for finding roots; partial differentiation; integration - standard integrals; integration by parts; numerical integration.
  • Search
    • Finding satisfactory paths and outcomes; chosen from: depth-first and breadth-first, iterative deepening, evolutionary algorithms, hill-climbing and gradient descent, beam search and best-first. Finding optimal paths: branch and bound, dynamic programming, A*.
  • Representing Knowledge
    • Production rules, monotonic and non-monotonic logics, semantic nets, frames and scripts, description logics.
  • Reasoning and Control
    • Data-driven and goal-driven reasoning, AND/OR graphs, truth-maintenance systems, abduction and uncertainty.
  • Reasoning under Uncertainty
    • Probabilities, conditional independence, causality, Bayesian networks, noisy-OR, d-separation, belief propagation.
  • Machine Learning
    • Inductive and deductive learning, unsupervised and supervised learning, reinforcement learning, concept learning from examples, Quinlan's ID3, classification and regression trees, Bayesian methods.
  • Key Application Areas, selected from:
    • Expert system, decision support systems
    • Speech and vision
    • Natural language processing
    • Information Retrieval
    • Semantic Web

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

ActivityDescriptionHours
Lecture36

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
Coursework-50%
Exam2 hours50%

Referral Method: By examination

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COMP2207 Distributed Systems and Networks

Module Overview

The aims of this module are two-fold: to teach the theory and practice of distributed systems, and to provide a solid grounding in the fundamentals of all major aspects of computer network technology.

The networking aspect of the module will expose students to the principles of layered communication protocols, the architecture of the Internet, and the principles of how the components of the TCP/IP layered model are designed and operate. The distributed systems aspect will expose students to the principles and practice of distributed systems, from distributed system models and distributed algorithms to different programming paradigms for distributed systems to distributed transactions.

Students should gain a clear understanding of the technologies covered in terms of the underlying fundamental principles.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

  • Principles of communications protocols
  • The Internet architecture and layered TCP/IP networking model
  • Link, network and transport layer principles and functions
  • Network services, design, operation and security
  • Principles of distributed systems: models, algorithms
  • Distributed system paradigms: client-server programming, remote invocation, indirect communication
  • Distributed transactions

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • Explain the fundamental concepts underlying networks and distributed systems
  • Design and analyse simple networks and the protocols they use
  • Assess network systems and technologies
  • Choose between alternative paradigms and technologies for solving problems in distributed systems

Subject Specific Practical

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • Build and operate simple networks
  • Build a client-server solution in Java
  • Build a distributed objects solution in Java

Syllabus

The topics to be covered will include:

  • Internet architecture
    • The TCP/IP layered model
    • Protocols, design principles, standardisation, IETF
    • Naming and addressing
  • Link-layer
    • Transmission theory and protocols
    • Ethernet networks, switches
    • Wireless networks
  • Network layer
    • Routing, link state and distance vector algorithms
    • Subnet, site and ISP routing perspectives
    • IPv6
  • Network services
    • Quality of service (QoS)
    • IP multicast, reliable multicast
    • Host configuration, service discovery, zero-configuration networking
    • DHCP, DNS
  • Transport layer
    • TCP, UDP
  • Network design and operation
    • Infrastructures; enterprise/campus, ISP/home networks
    • Network monitoring and management, SNMP
    • Virtual network environments
  • Applications
    • Web/HTTP, Email/SMTP
    • (Linked) open data
  • Network security
    • Authentication and encryption, PKI
    • (Distributed) denial of service attacks
  • Introduction to distributed systems
    • Issues, challenges
    • Distributed system models
  • Time in distributed systems
    • Clock synchronisation, logical clocks
  • Client-server programming
    • Sockets
  • Distributed objects
    • RPC/RMI
    • Java RMI
  • Indirect communication
    • Group communication
    • Publish-subscribe
    • Message queues
  • Distributed algorithms
    • Mutual exclusion
    • Leader election
    • Reliable/ordered multicast
    • Consensus
  • Distributed transactions

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

ActivityDescriptionHours
LectureStandard lecture slots.36
TutorialOptional tutorial slot, for (for example) further examples, assisting students with their self-study exercises or module assessments.12

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
Exercise 1-10%
Exercise 2-10%
Coursework-30%
Exam1.5 hours50%

Referral Method: By examination

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COMP2204 Computer Networking in Organisations

Module Overview

The aim of this module is to give students a solid grounding in the principles and protocols behind modern data networks, grounding the theory in its application to organisational networks, most specifically a campus enterprise. 

The module material will be underpinned by consideration of data communication technologies, but also include aspects related to network management and operation, and the principles surrounding distributed and cloud computing that are likely to be most important to organisations such as typical enterprise/campus networks.

The more theoretical aspects of the module will expose students to the principles of layered communication protocols, the architecture of the Internet, and the principles of how the components of the TCP/IP layered model, including the link, network and transport layers, are designed and operate.

The more practical aspects will cover network design and operation, including network security and network management and monitoring, as well as models for delivering an IT support service (such as ITIL). 

A campus enterprise network will be used as a case study and a focus for operational discussions in the module. Outsourcing considerations and principles surrounding distributed systems and commercial cloud services will be included. 

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

  • A1. The Internet architecture and layered TCP/IP networking model
  • A2. Principles and functions of the ink, network and transport layers
  • A3. Network design, services and operation in the context of an enterprise network
  • A4. Network infrastructures, and their management and monitoring
  • A5. Web services, both classic and RESTful
  • A6. Cloud computing; software/platform/infrastructure as a service
  • A7. Distributed computing and algorithms
  • A8. Network security; IPsec, VPNs, malware, denial of service attacks and resilience
  • A9. Delivering a large-scale enterprise (campus) IT service

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • B1. Analyse and design simple networks
  • B2. Analyse existing TCP/IP-based network protocols
  • B3. Explain the network protocols and services required to operate an enterprise network
  • B4. Critically evaluate the design of an existing enterprise network
  • B5. Explain how a wide range of services (web, cloud, etc) apply to an enterprise environment
  • B6. Read and understand high-level articles on emerging networking technologies

Subject Specific Practical

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • C1. Examine and describe network configurations in a LAN environment
  • C2. Design/define the components of an enterprise network
  • C3. Use appropriate tools to manage/monitor an enterprise network
  • C4. Use network security tools, understanding their correct application
  • C5. Describe how to deliver IT services through cloud provider(s)

Syllabus

The topics include:

  • Introduction to networking
    • Organisational networks
    • Link-layer networking
    • Network layer
    • Network services
    • Transport layer
    •  Network design and operation
  • Distributed computing
    • Cloud computing
    • Web services
  •  Network security
    • Firewalls, intrusion detection and penetration testing
    • Securing wireless networks
    • (Distributed) denial of service attacks

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

ActivityDescriptionHours
LectureLectures to cover the subject matter material24
Computer LabAnalysis of Networks36

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
A series of laboratories to practice the practical aspects of networks and security-20%
Exam2 hours80%

Referral Method: By examination

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COMP2203 Application Scripting

Module Overview

This module aims to prepare for the second semester integrative activity, pulling together the knowledge, understanding and programming skills developed on the part 1of the ITO degree, to further enhance these skills by enabling you to develop a complete system.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

  • of existing application development tools and programming languages used to solve problems with specific data and functionality oriented towards application domains;
  • the role and use of component-based application development suites and the use of these to solve specific problems in application domains by specialising or generalising existing software solutions;
  • computational resource calculations and the implications of these results for a variety of standard data structures and algorithms, and how these influence design decisions and the selection of appropriate solutions

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • Integrate and synthesise knowledge from academic, professional and vocational fields into constructive plans of action
  • use testing and verification heuristics to produce robust programs
  • utilise object-oriented programming in the service of constructing simple robust programs to solve specific problems

Transferable and Generic

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • Reflect and think critically as a component of practice, independent learning and professional development
  • Evaluate the outcome of implementing a solution to a problem.

Subject Specific Practical

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • Create a project website & supporting database
  • Produce a class/object designs and its implementation in OO-php
  • employ practical knowledge of OO-php to implement algorithms
  • use a common integrated development environment (IDC) for preparing applications software and programmer-centred management of software construction tasks.

Syllabus

Topic

Development of practical skills in web site and database design & implementation:

How to design and implement a website with supporting database in preparation for the second semester project integrating.

Programming  in OO-PHP

Programming in the large.

Modelling: Model View Controller, in an OO environment

Looking after the code: Using an Integrated Development Environment, debugging, testing, and making the application accessible, using bug trackers, using a code repository, looking after dependencies, and making it open.

Packaging  the code.

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

ActivityDescriptionHours
LectureThe lectures components provide an introduction to the relevant theory to underpin oo-php development, and the problems that practitioners will encounter in developing large programmes. 33
Specialist LabA variety of case studies is used to support the formally presented theory and may be used for the background to the practical workshops. Practical workshop components involve the consideration of practical problems and the development of actual solutions. 30

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
laboratories-25%
Coursework-%
-25%
Exam1.5 hours50%

Referral Method: By examination

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ELEC1201 Programming

Module Overview

To introduce the student to the concepts of programming using the C programming language, with an emphasis on programming for embedded systems. 

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

A1. Know how to write and debug programs using an IDE.

A2. Understand the principles of designing structured programs.

A3. Know when to use the appropriate statements available in the C language.

A4. Know how to download and debug programs on an embedded target.

A5. Understand the differences between compiled and interpreted languages.

Intellectual Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

B1. Analyse existing programs.

B2. Design new structured programs.

B3. Debug and test programs.    

Subject Specific Skills 

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

C1. Write programs to execute on an AVR microcontroller.

C2. Communicate with an AVR microcontroller using simple serial protocols.

C3. Interact with the physical world using an AVR microcontroller.

C4. Use a number of compilation tools.

C5. Use a scripting language for numerical and graphical tasks.                    

Employability/Transferable/Key Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

D1. Program.

D2. Manage your time in a laboratory.

D3. Record and report laboratory work.        

Syllabus

  • Basic concepts:
    • Storage and CPU
    • Data movement
    • Flow control
    • Input/output
  • Program design:
    • Structured programming
    • Function decomposition
    • Data representation
    • Hardware/software decomposition
    • Testability
  • Software development:
    • C Programming under Windows and Linux
    • IDEs and command line tools
    • Debugging
    • Static analysis
    • Testing
  • Embedded software development on the AVR microcontroller:
    • C programming
    • Assembly language
    • AVR instruction set
    • Digital interfacing (De-bouncing, parallel and serial IO)
    • Analogue interfacing (ADC, PWM)
    • Timers and counters
    • Interrupts
  • Simple communications:
    • UART (for communications and debugging)
    • I2C
    • SPI
    • JTAG (for programming and OCD)

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

ActivityDescriptionHours
Lecture24
Demonstration or Examples SessionWeekly feedback sessions on the laboratory sessions12
Specialist Lab40.5

Assessment

Assessment methods

These technical labs consider C programming and embedded C programming, addressing the above-listed learning outcomes. They are conducted under the umbrella of ELEC1029 but the marks contribute towards this module.

The design exercise considers circuits and programming, addressing the above-listed learning outcomes, as well as those of ELEC1200. It is conducted under the umbrella of ELEC1029 but the marks contribute towards this module and ELEC1200.

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
Technical Labs: C Programming-20%
Technical Labs: Embedded C Programming-25%
Design Exercise-15%
In-class test: Hosted C-20%
In-class test: Embedded C-20%

Referral Method: By examination, with the original coursework mark being carried forward

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COMP8010 Differential Equations and Simulations

Module Overview

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

ActivityDescriptionHours
Lecture36
Tutorial12

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution

Referral Method: By examination

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COMP8006 Introduction to Statistical data Analysis in Research

Module Overview

To introduce participants to the key issues associated with experimental and observational studies in the domain of computer science and cognate areas. To develop the basic skills and knowledge needed to plan, analyse, and interpret such studies. In particular, to develop the basic skills and knowledge needed to statistically analyse data and interpret the results. To attain these aims through conceptual understanding and minimal (but not negligible) formal mathematical treatment.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Explain basic concepts in statistical analysis Explain basic concepts in research design and data collection Explain the principles underpinning statistical data analysis Critically evaluate research designs and their data analysis Select and apply appropriate statistical techniques Interpret the results of the basic statistical techniques (F, t, r, chi) Plan observational and experimental research studies Calculate required sample sizes Use SPSS to apply statistical techniques

Syllabus

Basic concepts of research design (the philosophy of the nature of data, theory, evidence, science, and proof;  observational and experimental studies;  independent and dependent variables;  differences between samples versus correlations between measures;  control and matching in experimental design;  blind and double-blind studies;  experimental and observational bias) Basic concepts of statistical data analysis (measures of central tendency and variability, populations, samples, sampling distributions, effect of sample size and population variance on sampling error, central limit theorem, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, types of error, test power, effect magnitude, determining appropriate sample sizes, non-parametric techniques) Basic concepts of psychometrics (the construction of questionnaires and other data gathering instruments;  instrument reliability and validity) Basic concepts of correlational and observational designs (causality and correlation;  scatter plots;  correlation matrix;  simple linear regression) Basic concepts of experimental designs and principles of the analysis of variance (multiple independent variables, interactions, main effects, Latin squares;  repeated measures / split plot designs and more sensitive tests of effects; adjusting for violation of assumptions) Single (uni-) variate analysis of variance;  analysis of covariance;  analysis of factorial designs;  the general linear model (Student’s t-test as the test of a difference relative to sampling error;  F test as the test of the variability of sample means relative to sampling error;  degrees of freedom, MS, and SS;  post-hoc tests;  error rates and Type I error control;  main and interaction effects and the structure of their tests;  the interpretation of interaction effects;  simple main and simple interaction effects;  profile graphs)

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

ActivityDescriptionHours
Lecture20
Tutorial12

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
Weekly problem sets-100%

Referral Method: There is no referral opportunity for this syllabus in same academic year

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OPTO6003 Photonic Materials

Module Overview

The aim of the course is to provide knowledge of optical materials as a fundamental tool for understanding optical fibres, optical communications, sensing and nonlinear optics, in general. The course will give a detailed and mathematical introduction to glasses and crystals, optical fibres, fiberized devices and sensors, detectors, nonlinear phenomena and their applications

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

 

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

 

A1. Understand the fundamentals of photonic materials and recognise the importance of photonic materials in device applications.

A2. Design, fabricate and characterise photonic materials (single crystals, amorphous and glassy materials) and evaluate their interaction with light.

A3. Perform quantitative calculations on the properties of optical materials (loss, dispersion, nonlinearity)

A4. Comprehend the basics of light propagation in waveguides and optical fibres, the fundamentals of optical fibre devices and sensors and a qualitative understanding of waveguide properties (singlemode vs multimode, dispersion, nonlinearity, active vs passive)

A5. Design basic fiberised components and sensors

A6. Understand the basics of nonlinear optics.

A7. Evaluate nonlinear properties of specific devices

 

Intellectual Skills

 

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

 

B1.       Appreciate the influence of materials upon the performance of optical devices and sensors. 

B2.       Understand the underlying physical principles that determine the way in which optical devices and sensors are designed

 

 

Subject Specific Skills 

 

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

 

C1.      Formulate and propose an appropriate material or combination of materials for device development.

C2.      Design optical fibre devices/sensors and understand the tools required to fabricate them.

C3.      Conceive nonlinear devices and their response.                 

 

Employability/Transferable/Key Skills

 

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

 

D1.      Produce a scientific report on specific topics.

D2.      Design a device and predict its performance.

Syllabus

Materials in Photonics

-           Introduction

-           Single crystals, amorphous and glassy materials

-           Crystallography

-           Novel glasses and transparent glass-ceramics

 

Materials Fabrication and Characterisation

-           Crystal growth and thin-film deposition

-           Structural characterisation

-           Thermal and Optical characterisation

 

Light – Matter – Structure Interaction

-           Light–Matter interaction

-           Waveguide structures: planar waveguides, fibres and optical microresonators

-           Fibre loss mechanisms: Structure-property correlations

 

Optical fibres

-           Guiding conditions

-           Optical properties

-           Specialty fibres and photonic crystal fibres

-           Fabrication

 

Fibre gratings 

-           Bragg gratings

-           Long period gratings

-           FBG and LPG applications

 

Fibre devices

-           Fused devices

-           Optical Fibre Sensors

 

          Detectors

          -           Silicon

          -           III/V detectors

Introduction to Nonlinear Optics

-           Nonlinear susceptibility

-           Wave Equation

-           Nonlinear interactions (SHG and phase matching)

 

Nonlinear Fibre Optics

-           Short pulse propagation (NLSE)

-           Dispersion and nonlinearity (pulse solutions)

-           Gain

 

Novel Fibres and Waveguide Devices (semiconductors and soft glass)

-           Material considerations

-           Engineering dispersion and nonlinearity

-           Applications

 

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

ActivityDescriptionHours
Lecture30
Tutorial6

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
Coursework Assignment-30%
Exam2.5 hours70%

Referral Method: By examination

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OPTO6002 Solid State and Ultrafast Lasers

Module Overview

The aim of the course is to provide knowledge of solid state and ultrafast lasers as fundamental tools of contemporary science and technology. The operating principles of a wide variety of lasers in these two areas will be covered, as well as practical implementations and uses. Solid state and Ultrafast lasers are used in many branches of science and technology, and are an important sub-field within the field of photonics, because they drive technologies in related disciplines.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Knowledge and Understanding

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of:

  • Appreciate the potential variety of solid state lasers, with their various advantages and disadvantages
  • Appreciate the breadth of applications for solid state lasers, and why each laser suits a particular application
  • Appreciate the physics behind ultrafast pulse generation and propagation
  • Appreciate the diversity and applicability of attosecond technologies in science and engineering.

Subject Specific Intellectual

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • Understand how the design of lasers will influence their output characteristics
  • Be able to assess the application of different laser systems to particular applications
  • Perform quantitative calculations on the operating parameter and output parameters of a wide variety of solid state and ultrafast lasers.
  • Predict the properties of new laser systems based upon knowledge of their design parameters

Transferable and Generic

Having successfully completed this module, you will be able to:

  • Use a variety of information sources (lectures, web, journals) to understand & solve problems (in this case in contemporary laser physics)
  • Use feedback from problem classes to prepare for answering examination questions

Syllabus

•  Part 1: Solid state lasers

  • Fundamentals of lasers
  • Laser beams and their properties - Gaussian beam optics, beam propagation factor (M2), multimode beams
  • Spectroscopic and physical properties of solid-state and fibre laser gain media
  • Theory for three/four-level lasers – Threshold, slope efficiency, output power, gain
  • Laser modes and resonator design
  • Pump sources, pump delivery and coupling schemes
  • Transverse and longitudinal mode selection
  • Wavelength diversity – Main laser transitions, wavelength selection and tuning
  • Continuous-wave and pulsed laser architectures – Design considerations and techniques
  • Heat generation and thermal management
  • Power scaling strategies (cladding-pumping, MOPAs, thin disk, planar/slab, etc)
  • Power scaling limits (thermal, damage, nonlinear, self-focussing)

•  Part 2 – Ultrafast lasers and attosecond technologies

•  ultrafast oscillators

•  ultrafast pulse measurement: autocorrelation,  FROG, SPIDER

•  dispersion and ultrafast pulse propagation.

•  Chirped pulse amplification: Ti-sapphire, fibre

•  basics of HHG

•  QM modelling of attosecond electron dynamics

•  phase matching in extreme NLO

•  attosecond pulse production & measurement

•  attophysics examples

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Combination of lectures, lab visits and problem classes.

ActivityDescriptionHours
Lecture36
Tutorial12

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
6 Problem Sheets-30%
Exam2.5 hours70%

Referral Method: By examination

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COMP1203 Computer Systems I

Module Overview

This module aims to give students an understanding of the fundamentals of computer hardware and of the principles of operation of computers and peripheral devices. In addition, the module aims to give an overview of the main families of microprocessors and their differences. Some digital electronics is also covered - with hands-on experience in the lab with a small arm-based linux board.

Aims & Objectives

Aims

Intellectual Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

B1.  Describe the main components of a computer and understand their function.

B2.  Understand differences between the main architectural families and modules

B3.  Understand the basic features and functions of microcontrollers.

Subject Specific Skills

Having successfully completed the module, you will be able to:

C1.  Write simple programs in a low-level programming language (assembly)

Syllabus

  • Computer architecture evolution
  • Introduction to Digital Electronics
  • Computer arithmetic
  • Assembly programming
  • CPU structure
  • RISC, Superscalar Architectures
  • Buses and Interconnection
  • Memory Systems and cache
  • Input and Output. Interrupts
  • Storage systems and RAID
  • Advanced architectures
  • Introduction to Operating Systems
  • ARM Linux-based single board computers

Learning & Teaching

Learning & teaching methods

Combination of lectures, labs and self-driven reading and learning.

ActivityDescriptionHours
Lecture36
Computer Lab6

Assessment

Assessment methods

MethodHoursPercentage contribution
Laboratory Work-25%
Exam2 hours75%

Referral Method: By examination

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